Evaluate the Strengths and Weaknesses of Reason as a Way...

Theory of knowledge | EVALUATE THE STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF REASON AS A WAY OF KNOWING | Word Count: 1,584 | | Reason is a priori. All humans are born with it. It is a way of knowing as it is used in every area of knowledge and in collaboration with the other ways of knowing. Unlike the implication of the prescribed essay topic, reason is not a distinctive way of knowing. To say that is an oversimplification of the complexity of knowing. Knowledge can only be obtained through the inextricably linked ways of knowing. Reason comes to us naturally. For example, we purposely choose to recall past experiences to apply it to new and similar experiences. Most people value reason over the other ways of knowing. For example, North†¦show more content†¦A physician fresh out of medical school may examine a patient several times because one set of symptoms could point to several different causes. Conversely, an experienced doctor may settle on one diagnosis immediately. In an emergency, this experienced doctor is valued for his â€Å"unreasonableness.† If the less experienced doctor was used, the patient coughing up blood profusely would probably die before a diagnosis was reached. Another example of reason not being an asset in science would be when science is turned into a faith, like eugenics, the â€Å"scientific† improvement of the human race. Until the arrival of the Nazis, eugenics was an accepted part of science. This twist on reason must be somehow regulated. This twist on reason must be somehow regulated, leading into the following comparison between reason and emotion as ways of knowing. As stated previously, most cultures view reason and emotion as opposites. The speed of emotional response is seen as inferior to the slower reasoned response. An instance of this might be deciding whether to walk out of a meeting because your ideas are put down, or to stay and attempt to justify your idea. Of course, the latter would be the better choice. However, in some cases, an emotional response may be the wiser choice. The classic yet strong and applicable example would be leaping back in the face of a dangerous situation such as a stalker suddenly approaching you. However this may also cause us to jumpShow MoreRelatedEvaluate the Strengths and Weaknesses of Reason as a Way of Knowing1484 Words   |  6 PagesThere are four main ways of knowing – reason, perception, language and emotion. However each one of them have their own strengths an d weaknesses and only by knowing them will we be able to better use these ways of knowing to gain knowledge. This essay will seek to examine the strengths and weaknesses of reason as a way of knowing. Reason is often seen as one of the most powerful ways of knowing – for it ‘seems to give us certainty’ (Lagemaat, 112). Reason uses logic to form arguments and conclusionsRead MoreWe Rely on All the Four Ways of Knowing; Sense of Perception, Language, Emotion and Reason. However, They All Have Weaknesses. We Often Use Ways of Knowing in Conjunction with Each Other. Some Areas of Knowledge Might1743 Words   |  7 PagesWe rely on all the four ways of knowing; sense of perception, language, emotion and reason. However, they all have weaknesses. We often use ways of knowing in conjunction with each other. Some areas of knowledge might not use sense of perception as such but we sometimes think that Maths for example uses mainly logic or reason. Is this true? Reason is one of the strongest ways of knowing. One of the strengths of reason as a source of knowledge is that it seems to give us certainty. We canRead MoreDiscussion Of Domain B Focuses On Evaluating The Student Learning As A Whole Process1592 Words   |  7 Pagesorder to become an effective and successful education specialist. To begin with, TPE 2 consists of different factors in performing the teaching job. First, teacher should demonstrates knowledge of confidentiality provisions and requirements. For this reason, teacher needs to make sure all personal and testing information are confidential. It can only be shared with IEP team who are involved in the student’s education. Second, teacher should demonstrate working knowledge of basic tests and measurementRead MoreImplementing Change1137 Words   |  5 Pages2006). One way to help ensure that the change will be successful is to involve the staff in the process; keeping in mind they may not be willing to accept the new regiment. There are multiple reasons why the staff may resist according to (NHS Modernization Agency, 2005). Staff may: †¢ Not be aware of the reasons why change is necessary †¢ Feel that there are other more important issues to be dealt with †¢ Not agree with the proposed change, or feel that there is a better way to achieve theRead MoreStrategic Readiness And Cultural Aptitude1627 Words   |  7 Pagesnegotiate in Chinese, creates a competitive advantage. Negotiations in China Negotiation are primarily a mechanism to build trust so that two parties can agree for the mutual benefit of both. Trust is gained by dialogue that lets each agent assess or evaluate the other and their capabilities. The negotiation process enables parties to come to an understanding on an issue or point that lets each side feel there’s a â€Å"win-win† for both. However, the concept of negotiation relies on establishing cooperationRead MoreContribute to the development of children and young people1048 Words   |  5 Pagesdevelopment needs of children and young people Outcome 1 – Be able to contribute to assessments of the development needs of children and young people (1.1) Share your EYFS assessment records and observations with your assessor For confidentiality reasons these records are kept in the office in a locked cabinet. Assessor to confirm that observations are carried out in all areas of development (1.2) List different observation methods and give and explanation of how they are used Diary: a daily recordRead MoreEvaluate Two Models of Disability in Terms of Explaining the Concept of Disability.1613 Words   |  7 PagesEvaluate two models of disability in terms of explaining the concept of disability. Medical model;-- Weaknesses;-- There are many weaknesses of the medical model. One of the weaknesses that I am going to talk about is that in some cases people see the medical model as an insult due to the fact that the model tries to ‘fix’ people with a disability instead of making adjustments and adaptions to environments, activities etc†¦ for them. Due to the fact that the medical model is trying to ‘fix’ tem, mayRead MorePersonal Strengths And Weaknesses Of Leadership1462 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Effective leaders need to evaluate themselves in order to uncover their points of strength and areas of weakness on a regular basis. Self-evaluation helps leaders to see how far they are from achieving goals. It also provides a guidance to plan for what needs to be improved on personal and professional aspects. Clawson stated that before trying to understand other people’s behavior and personality, a leader has to be able to understand the own behavior and the reason behind it in order to maximizeRead MoreThe Legal Team Of Greene s Jewelry Essay1692 Words   |  7 PagesWe the legal team of Greene’s Jewelry have the opportunity to evaluate all the necessary details of the case and overlooked what the strengths and weaknesses of our argument would be presented to the Court. To assist our argument we have decided to utilize the regulations, substantive laws and case laws. The case precedents will provide multiple directions for the arguments to be assessed in the Court. Greene’s Jewelry is more likely to receive a favorable judgment by applying these resources inRead MoreSwot Analysis : My Personal Swot1746 Words   |  7 Pagesspecific categories to evaluate a project, situation or in my case my personal and professional life (Hay, Castilla, 2006). In this analysis I will look at the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that I need to address in my life. The concept of this type of analysis is a great way to find out ways to improve, but at the same time is a difficult task for someone like me who has a hard time outwardly expressing self attributes. That might be one of my weaknesses or threats, on the other

Functional Requirements Free Essays

string(55) " that you have taken to complete the task in the past\." 1.Functional Requirements Functional requirements define the fundamental actions that system must perform.The functional requirements for the system are divided into three main categories, Reservation/Booking, Food, and Management. We will write a custom essay sample on Functional Requirements or any similar topic only for you Order Now For further details, refer to the use cases. EXAMPLE 1.1. Reservation/Booking 1.1. The system shall record reservations. 1.2. The system shall record the customer’s first name. 1.3. The system shall record the customer’s last name. 1.4. The system shall record the number of occupants. 1.5. The system shall record the room number. 1.6. The system shall display the default room rate. 1.6.1. The system shall allow the default room rate to be changed. 1.6.2. The system shall require a comment to be entered, describing the reason for changing the default room rate. 1.7. The system shall record the customer’s phone number. 1.8. The system shall display whether or not the room is guaranteed. 1.9. The system shall generate a unique confirmation number for each reservation. 1.10. The system shall automatically cancel non-guaranteed reservations if the customer has not provided their credit card number by 6:00 pm on the check-in date. EXAMPLE 22.Food 2.1. The system shall track all meals purchased in the hotel (restaurant and room service). 2.2. The system shall record payment and payment type for meals. 2.3. The system shall bill the current room if payment is not made at time of service.The system shall accept reservations for the restaurant and room service. EXAMPLE 33. Management 3.1. The system shall display the hotel occupancy for a specified period of time (days; including past, present, and future dates). 3.2. The system shall display projected occupancy for a period of time (days). 3.3. The system shall display room revenue for a specified period of time (days). 3.4. The system shall display food revenue for a specified period of time (days). 3.5. The system shall display an exception report, showing where default room and food prices have been overridden. 3.6. The system shall allow for the addition of information, regarding rooms, rates, menu items, prices, and user profiles. 3.7. The system shall allow for the deletion of information, regarding rooms, rates, menu items, prices, and user profiles. 3.8. The system shall allow for the modification of information, regarding rooms, rates, menu items, prices, and user profiles. 3.9. The system shall allow managers to assign user passwords. 2 Nonfunctional Requirements Functional requirements define the needs in terms of performance, logical database requirements, design constraints, standards compliance, reliability, availability, security, maintainability, and portability. EXAMPLE 1Performance Requirements Performance requirements define acceptable response times for system functionality. The load time for user interface screens shall take no longer than two seconds. The log in information shall be verified within five seconds. Queries shall return results within five seconds. Example Logical Database Requirements The logical database requirements include the retention of the following data elements. This list is not a complete list and is designed as a starting point for developmentBooking/Reservation System Customer first name Customer last name Customer address Customer phone number Number of occupants Assigned room Default room rate Rate description Guaranteed room (yes/no) Credit card number Confirmation number Automatic cancellation date Expected check-in date Expected check-in time Actual check-in date Actual check-in time Expected check-out date Expected check-out time Actual check-out date Actual check-out time Customer feedback Payment received (yes/no) Payment type Total BillFood Services Meal Meal type Meal item Meal order Meal payment (Bill to room/Credit/Check/Cash) EXAMPLE 3Design Constraints The Hotel Management System shall be a stand-alone system running in a Windows environment. The system shall be developed using Java and an Access or Oracle database3. Illustrate a timeframe needed to complete each task based on the requirements from question 2.(5 Marks)Answer Estimating time framesTo manage your time well, you should know not only what tasks you need to accomplish, but also when those tasks must be completed and how long they’ll take. Making accurate estimates about how long a task will take is one of the keys to effective time management. Many management problems are the result of unrealistic estimates of how long it will take to complete specific tasks.If you estimate time frames accurately, you’ll be able to schedule work efficiently and meet deadlines:†¢ schedule work efficiently – Accurate estimates about how long tasks will take to complete make scheduling a lot easier. They ensure that you won’t have to keep changing your schedule. If you have a task that you accurately estimate will take six hours, for example, you can allot that time in your schedule and be reasonably confident you won’t have to change the schedule. But what if you didn’t accurately estimate the time for that task and allotted it only three hours? It would throw your schedule off, and you’d need to rework it.†¢ meet deadlines – If you’re accurate in estimating the time it will take to complete tasks, you’ll be better able to meet your deadlines. If you’re estimates aren’t accurate, you may need to ask to change deadlines or disappoint others who are relying on you to complete certain tasks. With accurate time estimates, you’ll also be more confident about setting deadlines because you know that the time you assign for completing each of your tasks is realistic.Time estimate equationIt’s important to estimate the time frames for your tasks accurately so that you can schedule all your work effectively and meet deadlines. To go about doing this, you first need to know the requirements of each task and your experience with activities – both when they run smoothly and when they don’t – to produce three time estimates:†¢ The likely time is the time that the task normally takes you to complete. It helps to consider the time it takes to complete the task without interruption. You should also think about a time frame you would be comfortable with based on your workload, the task, and any external factors that may delay or speed up the completion of the task.†¢ The shortest time is the least amount of time that you have taken to complete the task in the past. You read "Functional Requirements" in category "Papers" It may also refer to the shortest time in which you think you can complete the task if there are no interruptions or distractions.†¢ You can estimate the longest time by considering what may go wrong when performing the task and then adding this extra time to the task’s likely duration. This estimate should be based on your experience of this type of activity in the past, as well as on any foreseeable difficulties.You use the three time estimates to calculate the shortest possible time to complete a task based on an average of the likely, shortest, and longest times. Because in most cases a task will take the likely time to complete, this time is given more weight. You need to multiply it by 4, add the shortest time, and then add the longest time. You divide the total by 6 to get the shortest possible time.One important thing to remember is that you must use the same measurements for each type of time. For example, if your likely time is a number of days, the shortest and longest times must also be in days. If your estimates are in different measurements, start by changing them so they are all the same. The time frames equation often produces a shortest possible time that is longer than the shortest time you put into the equation. This is because the equation helps ensure that you’re realistic about how long things will take.To manage your time effectively, you have to estimate the time it will take to complete each of your tasks. Doing this ensures you can schedule your work appropriately and meet all your deadlines. To estimate the time frames for your tasks, you can use a simple time frames equation, which uses estimates for the likely, shortest, and longest times to calculate the realistic, shortest possible time that it will take to complete a task.https://library.skillport.com/courseware/Content/cca/pd_11_a02_bs_enus/output/html/sb/sbpd_11_a02_bs_enus002005.html4. Identify and explain five (5) threats to your business that you need to consider for the success of this system.Answer: After assessing the strengths and weaknesses of your business for your business plan, look for external forces, like opportunities and threats, that may have an effect on its destiny. These changes include The appearance of new or stronger competitors The emergence of unique technologies Shifts in the size or demographic composition of your market area Changes in the economy that affect customer buying habits Changes in customer preferences that affect buying habits Changes that alter the way customers access your business Changes in politics, policies, and regulations Fads and fashion crazes List the threats and opportunities facing your business, and follow these guidelines: When listing opportunities, consider emerging technologies, availability of new materials, new customer categories, changing customer tastes, market growth, new uses for old products (think about how mobile phones and even eyeglasses now double as cameras and computers), new distribution or location opportunities, positive changes in your competitive environment, and other forces that can affect your success. When listing threats, consider the impact of shrinking markets, altered consumer tastes and purchase tendencies, raw material shortages, economic downturns, new regulations, changes that affect access to your business, and competitive threats, including new competing businesses and competitive mergers and alliances. Also think about the impact of expiring patents, labor issues, global issues, and new products that may make your offering outdated or unnecessary. If you’re having a tough time getting specific, look back at the strengths and weaknesses, but this time, use it to list strengths and weaknesses of a competitor. You won’t know as much about your competitor’s capabilities as you know about your own, but you probably know enough to flag areas of strength and weakness. Your competitor’s strengths are potential threats to your business, and its weaknesses present potential opportunities.http://www.dummies.com/business/start-a-business/business-plans/how-to-identify-opportunities-and-threats-in-business-planning/5. Write down three (3) elements of risk and two (2) example each that relate to the project.(9 Marks)Answer. All risk management standards agree that the goal of risk management is to enhance the chances of success of the relevant endeavor. However, each of them provides a different definition of risk: ISO31000:2009 calls it â€Å"effect of uncertainty on objectives,† the PMI â€Å"PMBOK Guide† has â€Å"an uncertain event or condition that, if it occurs, has a positive or negative effect on the project’s objectives,† and the preferred Risk Doctor definition is â€Å"uncertainty that matters.†Each description is true, but only partly so. This matters because, until we know what we are dealing with, we cannot manage it in the best way possible: If we use the ISO definition, then our first thought will be to focus on the effect; If we follow PMI, then we will start from the potential occurrence; With the Risk Doctor definition, we start from uncertainty.Each of these — the effect, the event and the uncertainty — is a component of risk, but on its own is not a risk. Even taken in pairs they do not provide the full picture: an effect plus an event is an issue; an event plus an uncertainty is a prediction;†¢ an uncertainty plus and effect is a concern. It is only when you put all three together that you can see what a risk is made of, and use this information to decide on what, if anything, to do about it. Of course, this then requires a longer definition, but the goal enhancing the chances of success is worth the effort.But what is â€Å"success†? It is more than simply â€Å"meeting objectives;† it must also include the condition of â€Å"complying with project constraints† in order for the final result to remain within scope. Given this clarification, a more complete definition is: â€Å"Risk consists of three parts: an uncertain situation, the likelihood of occurrence of the situation, and the effect (positive or negative)that the occurrence would have on project success.†The three-part definition helps with three important stages of the risk management process: In 1.risk identification, it supports the structured description of a risk (â€Å"risk metalanguage†) in the form: â€Å"Because of , may occur, leading to In 2.risk evaluation, knowledge of potential causes allows you to evaluate the likelihood; identification of effects provides a basis for quantifying the impact.In 3 risk response planning, the different parts of the definition suggest different response approaches: for threat avoidance, understanding the situation may allow you to stop it happening or protect against its results; understanding the situation can also be used to help us exploit opportunities; in risk transfer or sharing, we seek a partner better equipped to address the effect; for threat reduction or opportunity enhancement, we focus on the effect and/or the likelihood; in risk acceptance, any contingency plan has to address the effect. Including these three components when you describe risks (the uncertainty, the event and the effect) will help everyone involved in risk management to take account of these three important aspects of risk, and act on them to enhance the chances of success.EXAMPLETwo examples of Managing risk in hote How to cite Functional Requirements, Papers

Sustainability In Oil And gas Industry Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Sustainability In Oil And gas Industry. Answer: Overview Sustainability refers to the socio-ecological process which is characterized by pursuit of a common goal or a common ideal. Sustainability is the target goal of humanity regarding the human ecosystem. The concept which is of more significance here is sustainable development, which is a holistic approach and covers the temporal processes which lead to the end point of sustainability (Mikkelsen Langhelle, 2008). The oil and gas industry holds emphasis in the daily lives of people, as it provides the products for cooking food, machines, commercial products like fertilizers and plastics, even pharmaceuticals and but of course oil and gas (Tom, 2012). In this discussion, a reflection has been presented on the sustainability issues in oil and gas industry, which goes against the principles of corporate social responsibility. The theme here is to show that there are serious issues in oil and gas industry, which I would not have even imagined about, had this course not required for finding issues in the manner organizations or industries conduct business. Background As stated earlier, oil and gas industry touches some or other aspect of life of a person. This is the reason why the negative impact of this industry caused over the environment poses a huge threat towards sustainable development. I had never paid attention to the workings of oil and gas industry and had never even imagined ill-effects being caused from this industry. However, when I started searching for ethical issues in businesses, I came across the incidents which happened in Deep Horizon oil spill and the companies like BP and Exxon posing a threat on the environment due to the activities which were being undertaken by them (Ferrell, Fraedrich Ferrell, 2016). The incidents of oil spills, fracking and the other activities are running the environment. They not only harmed the environment, but also the lives surrounding and dependent on environment (Noland Anderson, 2015). In order to focus on this issue, I started searching for such incidents taking place in Australia. To my shock, I came across the 10,500 litre spill which took place back in April 2016, which was kept a secret. The matter was also important due to the matter being kept a secret by the regulators and the details of the culprits remaining a secret till date. So much protection and secrecy was present in this matter, which led to the questions being raised on the reasons behind such secrecy (Slezak, 2017). Sustainability issues in oil and gas industry Due to the rampant disregard given by the oil and gas industry, across the nations, the stakeholders have to bear the most brunt. In the focus of the oil and gas industry to earn profits, they disregard the environment and hurt the different stakeholders. There are different stakeholders who are affected due to such actions of the industry. The prime one is environment, which is degraded. In terms of sustainability, the oil and gas industry is leaving a very polluted and damaged environment, which would not be able to sustain life forms in the future, due to the rampant disregard being given to it. This includes the marine life, the water bodies, the flora and fauna, the wildlife and even the air we breathe in (Anis, 2015). The next stakeholder group is the individuals who are dependent on environment, to live and to earn their livelihoods. When the oil and gas industry, takes decision like being indulged in fracking, as a result of which, the marine life is depleted, the individuals who depend on marine life, for their livelihood and for their food stock, have to bear the consequences of the business practices of this industry (Chandrasekaran, 2016). Another substantial stakeholder group is the investors. When the companies in oil and gas industry undertake such activities, which case oil spills or other incidents, they are imposed with penalties. The company loses its reputation and instead develops a negative image of being an unethical company. Even the public relations do little to help in such situations and are not able to mend the negative image which such instances create in the mind of the investors and that of the general community. This results in the company becoming an unfavourable choice to do business with, losing its investors. And the old investors lose their money, due to plummeting of stocks and business of the companies (Morris, 2010). The employees also become a stakeholder group as their expectations, conduct and morale is brought down, due to the companies with which they associate, being indulged in unethical acts. This makes it difficult for them to continue being loyal to the company. The situation is worsened, as the company then losses their talent and also faces difficulty in hiring tiring, resulting in them being made a stakeholder of their misdeeds. Again, when such happens, the company loses its corporate reputation owing to the unethical branding by its acts. Even on an overall basis, the present oil and gas industry is struggling to maintain ethical branding, and is becoming growingly infamous for its unsustainable acts (Werner, Inkpen Moffett, 2016). There are different legislations which govern the onshore and offshore activities undertaken under the oil and gas industry. These are based on the states or territory where such instances take place. For instance, in NSW, there is the applicability of Petroleum (Onshore) Act 1991; Petroleum (Onshore) Regulation 2007; Petroleum (Offshore) Act 1982; and Petroleum (Offshore) Regulation 2006. There are also regulatory bodies which are meant to regulate such instances, and these again vary based on onshore and offshore activities (Smith King, 2013). Even though these legislations are quiet detailed and stringent, the only problem is that the culprits are not made public. The example of April 2016 spill is evidence of this act. In order for the legislation to be effective, there is a need to put provisions, where the guilty are named. This would enable the stakeholders in knowing that the companies they associate with, is ethical or not. This is also required for a strict eye to be place d on the workings of such entities, in order to ensure that they do not indulge in any such action, which would cause such instances to be repeated. Though, the action undertaken by the regulatory bodies, in timely manner, does show the efficiency of these legislations. Moving forward, it is crucial for the companies involved in the oil and gas industry to work in a manner where they propagate the concepts of corporate social responsibility and sustainability. It is crucial that any such action which can pose a threat on the different stakeholders groups identified earlier, and even the ones which have not been discussed here, are not undertaken by the oil and gas industry. Further, where such actions are necessary, proper measures have to be taken to control any mishap and to curb its negative impact from creating a ripple effect. Conclusion Thus, in the previous segments, the negative impact posed by the oil and gas industry on the various stakeholder groups was highlighted. In doing so, the instances where such negative impact had been caused were highlighted, along with the applicable legislations in the nation on this industry. This assignment was particularly important as it helped me in gaining awareness on the unethical acts being undertaken by the oil and gas industry, which threatens sustainable development and corporate social responsibility. References Anis, M.D. (2015). Issues Impacting Sustainability in the Oil and Gas Industry. Journal of Management and Sustainability, 5(4). Chandrasekaran, S. (2016).Health, Safety, and Environmental Management in Offshore and Petroleum Engineering. West Sussex: John Wiley Sons. Ferrell, O.C., Fraedrich, J., Ferrell, L. (2016). Business Ethics: Ethical Decision Making Cases (11th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning. Mikkelsen, A., Langhelle, O. (2008). Arctic Oil and Gas: Sustainability at Risk?. Oxon: Routledge. Morris, K.M. (2010). Guide To Direct Investing In Oil Gas. New York: Lightbulb Press, Inc. Noland, D.P., Anderson, E.T. (2015). Applied Operational Excellence for the Oil, Gas, and Process Industries. Oxford: Elsevier. Slezak, M. (2017). Australian oil well leaked into ocean for months but spill kept secret. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/may/18/australian-oil-well-leaked-into-ocean-for-months-but-incident-kept-secret Smith, A., King, J. (2013). Oil and gas regulation in Australia: overview. Retrieved from: https://uk.practicallaw.thomsonreuters.com/3-531-2165?transitionType=DefaultcontextData=(sc.Default)firstPage=truebhcp=1 Tom, R. (2012). Integrated Operations in the Oil and Gas Industry: Sustainability and Capability Development: Sustainability and Capability Development. Hershey, PA: Business Science Reference. Werner, S., Inkpen, A., Moffett, M. H. (2016).Managing Human Resources in the Oil Gas Industry. Oklahoma: PennWell Books.